Egypt - Pharaohs

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Following is the best list of Pharaohs that I could assemble. It is from The Ancient Egypt Site (AES below) and the Ancient Egypt (AE below) site, and from Wikipedia. These sites have a lot of information and internally consistent time lines, although they differ from each other. All the hieroglyphic names up to the 15^th Dynasty are from these websites.

The Ancient Egypt Site has detailed information up to the 15^th Dynasty. The site Ancient Egypt also has a lot of information. I link to that site as well. For later Pharaohs I link to the Wikipedia website, which also has a lot of information.

Putting dates to the different Pharaohs is very difficult. At first I intended to collect dates from different sources and aggregate them into a "best" list. It quickly became apparent that this wouldn't work. The dates between different sources are just too different. I ended up using a consistent time-line from the Ancient Egypt site up to the end of the second Intermediate Period, with only a few modifications where this source either did not have any information or inconsistent information. From the New Kingdom on I relied on Wikipedia.

I have tried to find the names of the Pharaohs in hieroglyphs, and correlating the ones that I took pictures of with the names of the Pharaohs in the following lists. Dan McCarthy was a huge help in identified various Pharaoh names in pictures of Cartouches that I took.

Pharaohs had several names, see Cartouches.

All pictures are © Dr. Günther Eichhorn, unless otherwise noted.